Location
Česko > Liberecký kraj > okres Jablonec nad Nisou > Jablonec nad Nisou > Rýnovice
Location Details: Northwest end of Maxe Švabinského Street, edge of the forest at the eastern slope of Prosečský Ridge
Coordinates
50.737470, 15.149520
Type
Block, Sculpture, figurative, Upright stele or slab, Holocaust monument / memorial
Location
Mass grave
Artist / Maker / Company
Jan Jaroš (Sculpture)
Textual Content
Dedication, Historical narrative, Quote
Languages
Czech, Russian, English, French, Polish
Whom the Monument Commemorates
Victims of concentration camps, Jewish victims
Victims of forced labour camps, including Jewish victims, who had to work in war production for the Karl Zeiss Jena branch in Rýnovice u Jablonce nad Nisou
Iconographical Subject
Human figure, Gravestone
Material
Granite, artificial stone
Dimensions
Width: 700 cm (Approx.)
Depth: 300 cm (Approx.)
Commissioned By
Elektro-Praga Rýnovice, town of Jablonec nad Nisou
Dates
The memorial consists of a grave field with 89 symbolic tombstones bearing the names of the victims of the camp complex whose names have been identified and one additional tombstone dedicated to unknown victims. A statue of a tortured prisoner stands on a pedestal above the grave field. Next to it is a stone from the Gross-Rosen Appelplatz with a commemorative text. Wide steps lead to the grave field. By the path stand five granite vertical stelae with inscriptions detailing the history of the site in five languages. The site is complemented by mourning greenery and a stop of the nature trail commemorating the events of World War II.
(Text on the statue pedestal)
LIDÉ BDĚTE
(Text on the Apelplatz stone)
OBĚTEM
pobočky KT GROSS – ROSEN
Jablonec n. N. – Rýnovice
x. XI. 1944 – x. V. 1945
na stav 500 mužů průběžně
doplňováno – 800 vězni za – zavražděné
- zemřelé
- utýrané
Občané – POL, RUS, UKR, CZE, FRA
(Texts on the stelae)
Koncentrační, internační a pracovní tábor Rýnovice.
Zde stál v letech 1940 – 1945 pracovní a internační tábor pro potřeby
přilehlé továrny FAB. Od r. 1944 zde byla i pobočka koncentračního tábora
Gross Rosen s více než 200 vězni. Byli zde internováni váleční zajatci z Francie,
Sovětského svazu a Itálie, totálně nasazené ženy a muži z Ukrajiny, Polska a
Protektorátu Čechy a Morava. V roce 1945 přišli do tábora další vězni
z evakuovaných taborů v Polsku.
Tábor byl osvobozen 6. května 1945 Revolučním národním výborem.
Na následky zacházení, podmínek a nemocí zde zahynulo několik desítek vězňů.
Spolehlivě se podařilo dohledat pouze část jmen, jak jsou uvedena
na památníku.
Počet obětí však bude pravděpodobně větší.
Concentration, POW and Forced-Labour Camp
There was a Concentration, POW and Forced-Labour Camp on this side between 1940-1945.
All prisoners worked in local military F.A.B. There were POWs from France, USSR, and Italy and forced-labour workers from Ukraine, Poland
and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. From 1944 there was also a
subcamp of the Groß-Rosen concentration camp with 200 prisoners.
This number rose during 1945 with more prisoners from other evacuated
concentration camps in Poland.
The camp was liberated on May 6th, 1945 by Czech resistance units.
Many peoples died as as a result of brutal treatment, bad living conditions and disease. The names of known victims can be found on the monument in the cemetery. However the number of victims is probably higher.
During World War II, an industrial complex was built by the Karl Zeiss Jena company under the northeastern slopes of the Proseč Ridge near the village of Rýnovice, which is now part of the town of Jablonec nad Nisou. Prisoners from several forced labour camps had to work in its production. Among others, there were also prisoners of the sub-camp of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, which included Jewish women who had previously been held in the Zillerthal-Erdmannsdorf sub-camp in Lower Silesia. The deceased or murdered prisoners were buried in makeshift graves by the camps or in the forests on the Proseč Ridge. In 1946, the remains were exhumed and the victims were buried in a common grave above the camp grounds, which was fitted with a birch cross with a symbolic martyr's crown. On 26 September 1948, a memorial was unveiled by the grave, which consisted of a grave field and a statue of a tortured prisoner by the sculptor Jan Jaroš. After 1989, a stone from the quarry of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp was placed next to the statue with information about the sub-camp. In 2005–2006, the memorial was partially modified. In May 2010, the substantially renovated appearance of the site was unveiled – 90 symbolic tombstones with the names of the victims that could be traced were placed at the grave site. A set of five vertical stone stelae with information about the history of the site was placed by the access path.
Lubor Lacina, Za ostnatým drátem: pietní místa obětem nacistických koncentračních táborů na území dnešní České republiky, Liberec 2014, pp. 60–63.
Lubor Lacina, Pobočný tábor KT Gross-Rosen v Rychnově u Jablonce nad Nisou: přehled a geneze pietních míst, in: Terezínské listy XLIII, 2015, pp. 124–132.
Cultural Heritage Monument reg. No. ÚSKP 40612/5-4791
Lubor Lacina