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Monument to a Jewish Ghetto, Česká Lípa

Basic Information

Location
Česko > Liberecký kraj > okres Česká Lípa > Česká Lípa > Česká Lípa
Location Details: In the greenery at the intersection of U Synagogy Street and the access road to a parking lot, near the monument to a destroyed synagogue

Coordinates
50.684610, 14.540157

Type
Sculpture, symbolic, Holocaust monument / memorial

Location
Ghetto, Synagogue site (building destroyed), Public street or square

Textual Content
Historical narrative

Languages
Czech

Whom the Monument Commemorates
Jewish victims, Victims of Nazism

The Jewish ghetto and pogroms in Česká Lípa as well as the destroyed synagogue in Česká Lípa

Iconographical Subject
Magen David

Material
Granite

Dimensions
Width: 700 cm (Approx.)
Height: 400 cm (Approx.)

Commissioned By
Municipality of Česká Lípa

Dates

1995 October 28 Unveiling

Description

The monument consists of a symbolic stone object emerging from a transformed and distorted Magen David motif with a gilded inscription in the lower left point. On the right side, it is complemented by an inscription plaque with the same text. Both objects are made of granite and they are set within a semi-circular landscaped memorial space with funerary greenery and ground cover. The atmosphere of the site is compromised by streetscape fixtures placed in close proximity.

Inscription

ČLOVĚK NESMÍ PODLEHNOUT NÁSILÍ.

(Inscription plaque)

ZDE ZA MĚSTSKÝMI HRADBAMI SE OD STŘEDOVĚKU ROZKLÁDALO ŽIDOVSKÉ GHETO.
OPAKOVANĚ DOCHÁZELO K NIČIVÝM POGROMŮM.
V ROCE 1744 BYLO GHETO VYRABOVÁNO A 30 ČESKOLIPSKÝCH ŽIDŮ BYLO UBITO.
V ROCE 1864 BYLA NA MÍSTĚ STARÉ SYNAGOGY
POSTAVENÁ V HISTORIZUJÍCÍM SLOHU SYNAGOGA NOVÁ,
KTEROU V TZV. KŘIŠŤÁLOVÉ NOCI V LISTOPADU 1938 NACISTÉ VYPÁLILI.

History

Permanent settlement of the Jewish population in Česká Lípa can be documented from the first third of the 16th century. Jewish ghetto was established along the outer side of the city walls and a Jewish house of prayer was built there. The core of the ghetto was today's U Synagogy Street. The townspeople of Česká Lípa were not in favour of the Jewish population and there were frequent controversies. The most tragic event of the local ghetto was the pogrom in 1744 during the War of the Austrian Succession, which was carried out by Austrian soldiers. In 1820, a town fire destroyed the synagogue, which was subsequently repaired and expanded until permission was finally granted to build a new synagogue. It was built between 1863 and 1864 on the site of the older synagogue according to Josef Goldbach's plans in the Neo-Romanesque style with Moorish elements. The building was destroyed during the so-called Kristallnacht of 10–11 November 1938. The period after 1945 was not favourable either. In the 1980s, the ghetto buildings were demolished and a new road was built in the vicinity, which disrupted the historical continuity of the town. At the same time, the New Jewish Cemetery, founded in 1905, was destroyed, giving way to the construction of an elementary school.
The monument to the Jewish ghetto, unveiled on 28 October 1995, is also known as the Monument Against Violence and is a reminder of the violence perpetrated against the Jewish population of Česká Lípa over time.
See also database entry Monument to the burning of a synagogue, Česká Lípa.

Sources

Literature

Marie Vojtíšková, Židé v České Lípě, Česká Lípa 1999.
Rudolf Klen – Petr Narwa, Vryté do paměti: Shromaždiště, Praha 2004, p. 20.
Markéta Lhotová, Synagogy v plamenech: Křišťálová noc 1938 v českém pohraničí, Liberec 2013, pp. 53–62.

Websites

Media

Osmdesáté výročí vypálení synagogy, Městské noviny, 26. 10. 2018, p. 2.

Entry Author

Petra Šternová