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Monument to the Victims of a Death March, Teplička

Basic Information

Location
Česko > Karlovarský kraj > okres Karlovy Vary > Teplička > Teplička
Location Details: In the centre of the village, about 30 m from the Teplička Municipal Office

Coordinates
50.148650, 12.852085

Type
Holocaust monument / memorial, Upright stele or slab

Location
Public street or square, Mass grave

Textual Content
Dedication

Languages
Czech

Whom the Monument Commemorates
Jewish victims, Victims of World War II, Death marches

Victims of the death march from the concentration camp in Johanngeorgenstadt who died in Teplička in April 1945

Iconographical Subject
Cross, Barb wire

Material
Terrazzo, bronze

Dimensions
Width: 80 cm
Height: 160 cm
Depth: 20 cm

Commissioned By
Local National Committee of Teplička

Dates

approx. 1945 Construction

Description

The monument is located in the centre of the village and consists of a simple stele standing on a rectangular base. The stele tapers slightly toward the top. A bronze plaque bearing an engraved majuscule inscription is mounted on the face. The lower part of the plaque is engraved with a Latin cross and a barbed wire motif. One white-cedar grows on each side of the monument. A walkway filled with gravel and lined with curbs leads to the monument. It was overgrown with grass at the time of documentation.

Inscription

NA PAMĚŤ
OBĚTEM
POCHODU SMRTI

ČERVEN 1944

History

In April 1945, a death march from Johanngeorgenstadt, a sub-camp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp, passed through the village. On 16 April 1945, a total of 822 prisoners left Johanngeorgenstadt in a train transport headed for Terezín. These were mainly political prisoners of various nationalities, for example Polish, Czechoslovak, Hungarian and French. Many of them were people of Jewish origin. Many Soviet prisoners of war were also included in the transport. Due to the bombing of Karlovy Vary, the transport ended up at the railway station in Nová Role, from where the prisoners had to walk to the railway station in Březová near Karlovy Vary, where 205 prisoners perished (see the database entry Monument to the victims of a death march, Březová). The march continued along the Teplá River to Teplička, where it stayed for two days in an abandoned porcelain factory that had shortly before served as a prison camp for Soviet soldiers. During that time, 15 prisoners died, including two women. The bodies of the deceased were buried in a mass grave at the northern side of the factory grounds. Next, the prisoners were forced to march for Andělská Hora and Bochov. After all the hardships, only 28 prisoners arrived in Terezín on 6 May 1945.
The mass grave in Teplička was exhumed on 1 July 1945. During the medical examination of the remains, it was possible to find out many prison numbers and, thus, the identity of many of the deceased prisoners. Most of them were Poles, Russians and French. In October 1947, the remains of the prisoners, together with other remains from graves in the cemeteries in the surrounding villages of Krásná, Milešov and Vodná, were placed in a common grave in the cemetery in Bečov nad Teplou. The funeral procession and the dignified burial of the remains took place at the Bečov cemetery on 26 October 1947. In addition to the public, the ceremony was attended by representatives of the Ministry of Defence, representatives of local governments and district authorities, as well as members of the Union of Liberated Political Prisoners and state security forces. The service was performed by an Orthodox military priest. A monument was erected to the victims at the grave.
More death marches passed through Teplička. It is not known whether any of the prisoners included in these transports died in the village.
The monument to the victims of the death march was probably built between 1945 and 1947 at the site of the original mass grave, which was located near the main road from Karlovy Vary to Bečov nad Teplou. It incorrectly states that the death march passed through the village in 1944.
The monument was moved to its current location in the centre of the village around 1975 when the road was widened.

Sources

Archives

National Archives, coll. Occupation prison files – concentration camps, death marches, box 717–719, inv. No. 3734–3767.
Private archive of Jindřiška Váňová.

Literature

Jiří Padevět, Krvavé finále: Jaro 1945 v českých zemích, Praha 2015, pp. 324–325.
Vojtěch Laštovka – Václav Němec – Rudolf Stránský, Hrdinové protifašistického odboje, Plzeň 1986, p. 193, 209.
Pochody smrti na území Karlovarska, Karlovy Vary 1983.
Dagmar Holá, Pochody smrti přes Karlovarsko, in: Sborník k dějinám dělnického hnutí a KSČ na Karlovarsku, Karlovy Vary 1978, pp. 169–188.
Irena Malá – Ludmila Kubátová, Pochody smrti, Praha 1965.
Vladimír Bružeňák, Ve stínu Krušných hor: Z historie poboček koncentračního tábora Flossenbürg na Karlovarsku a Sokolovsku (Svatava, Kraslice, Nová Role, Ostrov a Korunní) a pochodů smrti, Cheb 2015.

Websites

Media

Karlovarsko pochovávalo hrdiny, Karlovarské národní noviny, 1945, No. 38, 3 July, p. 1.

Other

Telephone interview with Tomáš Kundrát, April 2025.

Entry Author

Jana Oberreiterová